Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the epds was developed for screening postpartum women in outpatient, home visiting settings, or at the 6 8 week postpartum examination. The perinatal clinical practice guidelines recommend that psychosocial assessment and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds be used by primary care and other health professionals to screen all women for symptoms of depression andor anxiety during the perinatal period. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed in scotland at health centers in livingston and edinburgh. Recent studies have shown that approximately 48% of adolescents develop postpartum depression. We have found groupwork to be a powerful tool in helping to reduce felt isolation in. Pdf on jan 1, 2014, hillary l mcbride and others published the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds. It was developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds 1 the questionnaire below is called the edinburgh postnatal depression scale edps the edps was developed to identify women who may have. I have been able to laugh and see the funny side of things. Please underline the answer which best describes how you have felt in the past 7 days, not just how you feel today. The scale is not a diagnostic tool, but it can help determine if a. But at crossreach we believe that with the right support, at the right time, every person can flourish and every life can be fulfilling. This study aimed to address this gap in psychometrics by examining testretest reliability in a sample of 118 australian mothers with babies aged under 12 months, with a mean of 2. The epds is not a diagnostic tool and must always be used in conjunction with clinical assessment.
Beck depression inventory bdi hamilton depression scale hospital. Sep 11, 2014 testretest reliability of the english version of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has not been established. Certain risk factors present in a new mother may make a psychologist more likely to initiate the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Its 10 polytomous items are summated to an overall score ranging from 030, with cut points to identify the likely presence of depression. Perinatal therapy for new and expectant parents crossreach. Sign 127 management of perinatal mood disorders scottish. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during pregnancy and in the year following the birth of a child. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of 10 screening questions that can indicate whether a parent has symptoms that are common in women with depression and anxiety during. If you want to learn more about the ways crossreach can help you or someone you know, youve come to the right place. Routine depression screening should be conducted during pregnancy and the early postpartum period, and results charted. Postnatal depression is poorly identified in the community.
Expecting or having a baby is a major event in a parents life, which can lead to feelings of anxiety, fear and sometimes depression. Examples of validated depression screening tools include. The following are translated versions to be used by health professionals only. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a screening questionnaire that can indicate whether a new mother has symptoms that are commonly. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds free social. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j. It can help to identify symptoms of anxiety and depression. Referral information pdf the university of edinburgh. They used a validated scale during pregnancy, a version of the. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds.
Manager of crossreach postnatal depression services. Testretest reliability of the english version of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has not been established. Postnatal depression hits one in seven mothers nhs. The spanish version was developed at the university of iowa based on earlier. About this resource about this resource 1 this is a new resource which collates copies of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds that have been translated into languages other than english and. Using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale meta4rn. The scale can be used at six to eight weeks after birth or during pregnancy. This 10question selfrating scale has been demonstrated to be an efficient and effective way of identifying patients at risk for perinatal depression. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j m. Factor structure of the japanese version of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale in the postpartum period.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed to assist primary care health professionals in detecting mothers suffering from postpartum depression ppd. Most people have heard of postnatal depression pnd, but depression. Therefore, to err on safetys side, a woman scoring 9 or more points or indicating. Holden, r sagovsky 1987 this 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during pregnancy and the postnatal period.
The condition has a substantial impact on the whole family. This 10question selfrating scale has been proven to be an efficient and effective way. Edinburgh postnatal pregnancy, birth and early parenthood. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines. If the answers to these questions suggest that the woman may have depression or could be at risk of having depression, further monitoring or assessment may then be carried out. The epds has its own informative wikipedia website. The objective of the study was to validate the epds as a screening. The epds internationally, the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is the most widely accepted screening instrument used in the perinatal period. As you are having a baby, we would like to know how you are feeling.
The perinatal clinical practice guidelines recommend that psychosocial assessment and the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds be used by primary care and other health professionals to screen. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale psychology tools. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds since you are either pregnant or have recently had a baby, we want to know how you feel. The objective of the study was to validate the epds as a screening tool for postpartum depression in kathmandu, nepal. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale is a tool used to screen women who have given birth in the last six to eight weeks for depression. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10 item selfrating postnatal depression scale which was developed almost twenty years ago. Development of the 10item edinburgh postnatal depression scale. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a set of questions for you to answer. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds was developed to assist health professionals in detecting mothers suffering from ppd. Crossreach bluebell pnd service scotland provides specialist counselling, art therapy. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds guidelines postpartum depression ppd is one of the most common complications of the postpartum period. Postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. Bunevicius institute of psychophysiology and rehabilitation of the kaunas university of medicine. A mother checks off one of four possible answers that is.
The screening scale is a series of 10 questions that may help a doctor diagnose postnatal depression in a woman and allow her to receive treatment before the condition become severe. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds calculator. Holden, r sagovsky 1987 this 10 item self report measure is designed to screen women for symptoms of emotional distress during. Cox jl, holden jm, sagovsky r 1987 detection of postnatal depression. Antenatal depressive symptoms, a history of major depressive. If you want to learn more about the ways crossreach can help you or. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10question screening tool that has been validated for the assessment of mood in the early. C 1719 women with postpartum major depression should be. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox. They used a validated scale during pregnancy, a version of the center for epidemiological studiesdepression scale cesd.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale may be used to screen for postpartum major depression with acceptable sensitivity and specificity. It has been utilized among numerous populations including u. The epds includes one question item 10 about suicidal. The goal was to describe the accuracy of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds, beck depression inventory ii bdiii, and postpartum depression screening scale pdss in identifying major depressive disorder mdd or minor depressive disorder mndd in lowincome, urban mothers attending well childcare wcc visits during the postpartum year. This is not intended to provide a diagnosis only trained health professionals should do this. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds 1 the questionnaire below is called the edinburgh postnatal depression scale edps the edps was developed to identify women who may have postpartum depression. About the edinburgh postnatal depression scale the epds was developed in the 1980s by john cox, a consultant psychiatrist in the united kingdom, and his colleagues jeni holden and ruth sagovsky. It was developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect whether mothers are suffering from postnatal depression. The condition has a substantial impact on the whole. The university of edinburgh is a charitable body, registered in scotland. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds ucsf fresno.
The goal was to describe the accuracy of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds, beck depression inventory ii bdiii, and postpartum depression screening scale pdss in identifying. Edinburgh perinatalpostnatal depression scale epds for use between 28 32 weeks in all pregnancies and 6 8 weeks postpartum name. P02206 validity of the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. This study aimed to address this gap in psychometrics by examining. Validating the edinburgh postnatal depression scale as a. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds taken from the british journal of psychiatry june, 1987, vol. Confidential perinatal counselling and therapy in the west end of edinburgh.
This 10question selfrating scale has been demonstrated to be an efficient and. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a screening tool that does not diagnose postpartum depression ppd or anxiety. The edinburgh post natal depression scale epds from the british journal of psychiatry. Sagovsky the edinburgh postnatal depression scale has been developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect mothers suffering from postnatal depression. A core component of australias national perinatal depression initiative npdi is universal screening of all pregnant women and new mums using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale. Evidencebased information on the edinburgh postnatal depression scale from hundreds of trustworthy sources for health and social care. More than one in 10 new mothers is thought to experience significant postpartum depression. Postpartum major depression american family physician. Please circle the number next to the answer which comes closest to how you have felt in the past 7 days, not just how you feel today. Cox 1990 also known as the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds j l cox, j m. Many translated example sentences containing edinburgh postnatal depression scale spanishenglish dictionary and search engine for spanish translations. Bunevicius institute of psychophysiology and rehabilitation of the kaunas university of medicine, palanga, lithuania depression is prevalent postpartum and is a major health problem. Pdf factor structure of the japanese version of the. Oct 21, 2016 edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is considered well accepted screening tool for postpartum depression ppd.
The scale is not a diagnostic tool, but it can help determine if a woman should be referred for a depression diagnosis. Evaluation of the edinburgh post natal depression scale using. The mother should complete the scale herself, unless she has limited english or reading difficulties. Ppd affects up to 20% of postnatal women and up to 10% of pregnant women.
Edinburgh postnatal depression scale 1 epds postpartum depression is the most common complication of childbearing. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds has been developed to assist primary care health professionals to detect mothers suffering from postnatal depression. Postpartum major depression is a disorder that is often unrecognized and must be distinguished from baby blues. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a 10question screening tool that has been validated for the assessment of mood in the early postpartum period 43 but must be supported by clinical assessment of mood for the diagnosis of pnd to be made. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale black dog institute. You will be given the epds as a normal part of your. Evaluation of the edinburgh post natal depression scale. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is considered well accepted screening tool for postpartum depression ppd. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale evidence search. The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a screening questionnaire that can indicate whether a new mother has symptoms that are commonly seen in women with depression during pregnancy and in the year following the birth of a child. It may, however, serve as a checklist as part of a. Oct 15, 2010 postpartum major depression is a disorder that is often unrecognized and must be distinguished from baby blues.
The edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds is a well known short questionnaire used to check if a mother might suffer from ppd. We use this scale to see how woman are coping with the life changes of pregnancy and childbirth. The most common way this is done in the uk and us is by using the edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds. Most people have heard of postnatal depression pnd, but depression andor anxiety can actually begin during as well as after pregnancy what we call perinatal illness and it can affect both men and women. Uk national health service nhs information about postnatal depression. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale epds perinatal services. The epds is easy to administer and has proven to be an effective screening tool. Antenatal depressive symptoms, a history of major depressive disorder, or. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale, epds tip sheets created by lilly irvinvitela, 2014 on behalf of uw milwaukee child welfare partnership and wi dept. Mar 20, 2020 the screening scale is a series of 10 questions that may help a doctor diagnose postnatal depression in a woman and allow her to receive treatment before the condition become severe.
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